When an embryo acquires an incorrect number of chromosomes after fertilization, the majority of losses (approximately 60%) occur at random. This form of genetic issue occurs by accident; it is not caused by a medical condition. Women of reproductive age, on the other hand, are more likely to experience it.
One partner possesses a chromosome in which a portion is transferred to another chromosome in a tiny number of couples who have frequent miscarriages. This is referred to as a translocation. People with chromosome translocations normally have no medical symptoms, but some of their eggs or sperm will have aberrant chromosomes. A miscarriage is common when an embryo receives too much or too little genetic material.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome are two blood clotting disorders that can cause ‘sticky blood’ and recurrent miscarriage. The flow of blood to the placenta is affected by several rare immune system illnesses, which can lead to clots that hinder the placenta from functioning normally. This can deprive the infant of vital oxygen and nutrition, perhaps resulting in miscarriage. Antiphospholipid antibodies should be tested before pregnancy in all women who have had recurrent miscarriages. Aspirin and heparin therapy, both of which thin the blood, may be used to treat the condition. According to studies, women who have recurrent miscarriages have a higher tendency for their blood to clot, preventing nutrients from reaching the foetus.
Recurrent miscarriage and early birth can both be increased by having an irregularly shaped womb. An ultrasound scan is frequently used to diagnose this. The shape of the uterus can be investigated in a variety of methods, and depending on the results, surgery may be indicated.
If you have a history of late miscarriages and are suspected of having cervical incompetence or weakening, you may be offered a cervix scan as early as 14 weeks to determine the length of your cervix. You may be advised to have a cervical cerclage (cervical stitch) before or during pregnancy, depending on your pregnancy, medical history, and/or scan findings.
Your health care provider will inquire about your medical history and previous pregnancies to assist in determining the cause of repeated miscarriages. A full physical examination, including a pelvic examination, may be performed. Blood tests may be performed to detect immune system issues. Testing can be done to see if there are any hereditary factors for miscarriages. To determine if a uterine condition is causing the miscarriages, imaging studies may be used.
